Pangaea

Mind Palace

School Notes

In 1607, the English were present in Jamestown, Virginia.

In the 1530s, King Henry VIII split from the Roman Catholic Church, sparking the English Protestant Reformation and escalating the conflict with Catholic Spain.

Francis Drake sailed across the world in 1580 while robbing people and bringing back a ship laden with Spanish loot. He made nearly 4,600% in profit. Spain's empirical dreams and fighting spirit had been diminished by the English fleet's victory over the Spanish Armada, ensuring English naval supremacy in the North Atlantic.

Many people lost their homes as a result of an economic depression that struck England in the latter half of the 1500s. This prepared the way for the English to begin emigrating to North America, along with the Spanish-English peace treaty.

King James I of England granted a joint-stock company called the Virginia Company of London a charter for a colonization in the New World in 1606. On May 24, 1607, the company arrived in Jamestown. Captain John Smith gained control of the town in 1608 and ordered the locals to form a line. Only 60 of the 400 immigrants to Virginia by 1609 made it through the "starving winter" of 1609–1610.

With military forces and supplies, Lord De La Warr arrived in Jamestown in 1610. As soon as he began raiding and setting Indian villages on fire, the First Anglo-Powhatan War broke out. The Second Anglo-Powhatan War, which took place in 1644, resulted in another Indian defeat. The English believed the Powhatan people to be extinct by 1685.

The largest killer of Indians and their cultures was disease. A particularly harsh weapon was used on aged Indians, which caused civilizations to disappear.

The First Anglo-Powhatan War was put an end in 1614 when John Rolfe wed Pocahontas. Virginia established self-government in 1619. The House of Burgesses was a gathering that the settlers called with permission from the London Company. Because King James I didn't have faith in the House of Burgesses, he declared Virginia an English colony in 1624 and placed it under his direct rule.

English America's Development

Senior Year

AP English

Pangaea began to separate 225 million years ago.

Nature shaped North America ten million years ago, creating the Canadian Shield. Great Ice Age, 2 million years ago, when 

When the sea level dropped and the oceans turned into glaciers 35,000 years ago, an isthmus connecting Asia and North America was left behind.

People entering North America had to cross the Bering Isthmus. Ice began to recede and melt 10,000 years ago, raising sea levels and engulfing the Bering Isthmus.

There is evidence that suggests that early people may have crossed the Bering Isthmus or arrived in the Americas in rudimentary boats. There may have been over 54 million people residing in North and South America by the time Columbus arrived in America in 1492.

North America did not have dense populations, as did Mexico with the Aztecs. It's possible that this made it simpler for Europeans to colonize Africa.

When the Portuguese created the caravel, a ship that could sail into the wind, people from Europe were able to travel to sub-Saharan Africa around 1450. Sailing back up Africa's western coast and back to Europe was possible on this ship. The Portuguese established trading outposts along the coasts of Africa, continuing the Arab and African trading practices of slaves and gold. Slaves were transported back to Portugal and Spain by the Portuguese, where they were employed on sugar plantations.

Columbus actually found the Americas while searching for a new trade route with the Indies.

Perhaps three-fifths of the crops grown today in the world come from the Americas. The growth of international trade is discussed in The Columbian Exchange (globalization). Due to diseases introduced by the Spanish, the Taino native population in Hispaniola fell from 1 million to 200 people within 50 years of their arrival. As many as 90% of the Indians had perished from disease in the centuries after Columbus' arrival in the Americas.

Spanish exploration and colonization rose to prominence in the 1500s. Between the Spanish and the Portuguese, the Americas were divided by the Tordesillas Treaty. The Spanish conquistadors came to the Americas in search of gold and glory as well as to serve God. The New World's deposits of gold and silver had a profound impact on the European economy. For the staging of the Spanish invasion of the Americas, the Caribbean Sea islands served as offshore bases. Colorless colonial administrators took the place of the conquistadors in Mexico and Peru by the 1530s. Conquistadors who married Indian women and had children did exist. These offspring were referred to as mestizos, and they served as a cultural and biological link between Latinos and Africans.

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